The Chevrolet Malibu El Camino, specifically the 5.7 V8 (170 hp) variant with a catalytic converter and automatic transmission, represented a unique offering in the American automotive landscape of the late 1970s. Produced for the 1977 and 1978 model years, this vehicle blended the practicality of a pickup truck with the styling of a traditional sedan, appealing to buyers seeking a versatile vehicle. It was built on the A-body platform, shared with other GM vehicles like the Chevelle and Monte Carlo, but distinguished itself with its open cargo bed. This particular engine and transmission combination occupied a mid-range position within the El Camino lineup, offering a balance between performance and fuel economy, though the latter was a growing concern during this period.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | Chevrolet |
| Model | Malibu |
| Generation | Malibu El Camino (Sedan Pickup) |
| Type (Engine) | 5.7 V8 (170 Hp) CAT Automatic |
| Start of production | 1977 |
| End of production | 1978 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Pick-up |
| Seats | 3 |
| Doors | 2 |
| Fuel Type | Petrol (Gasoline) |
| Power | 170 Hp @ 3800 rpm |
| Power per litre | 29.7 Hp/l |
| Torque | 366 Nm @ 2400 rpm / 269.95 lb.-ft. @ 2400 rpm |
| Engine layout | Front, Longitudinal |
| Engine displacement | 5733 cm3 / 349.85 cu. in. |
| Number of cylinders | 8 |
| Engine configuration | V-engine |
| Cylinder Bore | 101.6 mm / 4 in. |
| Piston Stroke | 88.39 mm / 3.48 in. |
| Compression ratio | 8.2:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Carburettor |
| Engine aspiration | Naturally aspirated engine |
| Valvetrain | OHV |
| Engine oil capacity | 4.3 l / 4.54 US qt | 3.78 UK qt |
| Trunk (boot) space – maximum | 2033 l / 71.79 cu. ft. |
| Fuel tank capacity | 66 l / 17.44 US gal | 14.52 UK gal |
| Length | 5121 mm / 201.61 in. |
| Width | 1826 mm / 71.89 in. |
| Height | 1366 mm / 53.78 in. |
| Wheelbase | 2974 mm / 117.09 in. |
| Front track | 1486 mm / 58.5 in. |
| Rear (Back) track | 1467 mm / 57.76 in. |
| Front overhang | 915 mm / 36.02 in. |
| Rear overhang | 1232 mm / 48.5 in. |
| Ride height (ground clearance) | 147 mm / 5.79 in. |
| Approach angle | 20° |
| Departure angle | 15° |
| Ramp-over (brakeover) angle | 13° |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the rear wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Rear wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 3 gears, automatic transmission |
| Front suspension | Independent, type McPherson with coil spring and anti-roll bar |
| Rear suspension | dependent spring suspension, Transverse stabilizer, Trailing arm |
| Front brakes | Ventilated discs |
| Rear brakes | Drum |
| Steering type | Steering rack and pinion |
| Tires size | 205/75 R14 |
| Wheel rims size | 6.0J x 14 |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The heart of this El Camino variant was the 350 cubic inch (5.7 liter) Chevrolet small-block V8 engine. Designated with the ‘L48’ engine code, it featured a 8.2:1 compression ratio and a two-barrel carburetor. This configuration was chosen to meet increasingly stringent emissions regulations, necessitating the inclusion of a catalytic converter – hence the “CAT” designation. The engine utilized a traditional overhead valve (OHV) valvetrain with two valves per cylinder. The automatic transmission was a three-speed Turbo-Hydramatic 350, a robust and widely used unit known for its durability. This transmission was selected for its ease of use and suitability for a broader range of drivers, contrasting with the available four-speed manual transmission which appealed to those prioritizing driver engagement.
Driving Characteristics
The 170 horsepower and 270 lb-ft of torque provided by the 5.7L V8 and automatic transmission delivered adequate, but not exhilarating, performance. Acceleration was respectable for the era, but the automatic transmission’s shift points were geared more towards fuel economy than outright speed. Compared to the higher-output 200-220 hp versions of the 350 available in other El Camino trims, this variant felt noticeably less responsive. The automatic transmission, while convenient, did rob some of the engine’s potential. The gear ratios were optimized for cruising, making it a comfortable highway vehicle, but less adept at quick acceleration or towing heavy loads.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The 170 hp El Camino typically came with a fairly basic level of equipment. Standard features included cloth upholstery, a basic AM radio, and full wheel covers. Options included air conditioning, power steering, power brakes, and upgraded interior trim packages. The interior was generally functional and durable, reflecting the truck-based nature of the vehicle. The dashboard layout was typical of GM vehicles of the period, with a straightforward instrument cluster and easy-to-use controls. The base trim level focused on affordability, while optional packages allowed buyers to customize the vehicle to their preferences.
Chassis & Braking
The El Camino’s chassis was based on the A-body platform, featuring independent front suspension with coil springs and an anti-roll bar, and a solid rear axle with leaf springs. The rear brakes were drums, while the front brakes were ventilated discs. This braking setup was adequate for the vehicle’s weight and intended use, but lacked the stopping power of more modern systems. The suspension provided a comfortable ride, but handling was somewhat compromised by the vehicle’s weight and high center of gravity. A transverse stabilizer bar was included to help reduce body roll during cornering.
Market Reception & Comparison
The 170 hp El Camino was generally viewed as a sensible and practical choice for buyers who didn’t require the extra performance of the higher-output engines. Critics noted its comfortable ride and spacious cargo bed, but also pointed out its relatively modest acceleration. Fuel economy, while not exceptional, was better than that of the more powerful versions. Compared to the 220 hp El Camino, the 170 hp model offered a lower purchase price and potentially lower insurance costs, making it attractive to budget-conscious buyers. However, those seeking a more engaging driving experience or the ability to tow heavier loads often opted for the more powerful trims.
Legacy
The 1977-1978 Chevrolet Malibu El Camino 5.7 V8 Automatic has become a popular choice among classic car enthusiasts. The 350 small-block V8 is known for its reliability and ease of maintenance, and parts are readily available. While not the fastest or most luxurious El Camino variant, it represents a unique and versatile vehicle from a bygone era. Today, well-maintained examples command reasonable prices in the used car market, appealing to collectors and those seeking a distinctive and practical classic truck. The combination of a V8 engine, automatic transmission, and open cargo bed continues to hold appeal for those who appreciate the style and functionality of the American El Camino.
