The Peugeot 404 Berline 1.9d, produced from 1963 to 1975, represents a significant chapter in Peugeot’s history, particularly as a durable and adaptable vehicle for a variety of markets. This diesel-powered variant of the 404 series was designed to offer fuel economy and reliability, appealing to drivers in regions where gasoline was expensive or less readily available. The 404 Berline, positioned as a mid-size family sedan, played a crucial role in establishing Peugeot’s reputation for robust engineering and practical design. The 1.9d model, with its modest 57 horsepower, was often favored for its longevity and lower running costs, making it a popular choice for both private owners and commercial applications.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | Peugeot |
| Model | 404 |
| Generation | 404 Berline |
| Type (Engine) | 1.9d (57 Hp) |
| Start of production | 1963 |
| End of production | 1975 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Sedan |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 4 |
| Fuel Type | Diesel |
| Maximum speed | 128 km/h (79.54 mph) |
| Power | 57 Hp @ 4500 rpm |
| Power per litre | 29.3 Hp/l |
| Engine layout | Front, Longitudinal |
| Engine Model/Code | XD88 |
| Engine displacement | 1948 cm3 (118.87 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Engine configuration | Inline |
| Cylinder Bore | 88 mm (3.46 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 80 mm (3.15 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 21:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Precombustion chamber injection |
| Engine aspiration | Naturally aspirated engine |
| Valvetrain | OHV |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 400 l (14.13 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 55 l (14.53 US gal | 12.1 UK gal) |
| Permitted trailer load with brakes (12%) | 1100 kg (2425.08 lbs.) |
| Length | 4450 mm (175.2 in.) |
| Width | 1620 mm (63.78 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2650 mm (104.33 in.) |
| Front track | 1345 mm (52.95 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1280 mm (50.39 in.) |
| Minimum turning circle (turning diameter) | 10.76 m (35.3 ft.) |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the rear wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Rear wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 4 gears, manual transmission |
| Front suspension | Spring Strut, Coil spring |
| Rear suspension | Spring Strut, Coil spring |
| Front brakes | Drum |
| Rear brakes | Drum |
| Steering type | Worm-reduction unit |
| Tires size | 185/80 R15; 175/80 R16 |
| Wheel rims size | 15; 16 |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The heart of the 404 Berline 1.9d is the XD88 engine, a 1.9-liter inline-four diesel. This engine utilized precombustion chamber injection, a common diesel technology of the era. Unlike direct injection systems, precombustion chambers housed a glow plug and a small auxiliary combustion chamber, aiding in cold-weather starting and improving combustion efficiency. The overhead valve (OHV) valvetrain, while relatively simple, proved to be durable and reliable. The engine’s 21:1 compression ratio was typical for diesel engines of the time, contributing to its fuel efficiency. The XD88 produced 57 horsepower at 4500 rpm, and while not a performance powerhouse, it delivered a respectable amount of torque for its displacement. The engine was mounted longitudinally in the front of the vehicle, driving the rear wheels.
Driving Characteristics
The 404 Berline 1.9d, with its 57 horsepower and manual transmission, offered a utilitarian driving experience. Acceleration was modest, and the car was not designed for rapid speeds. However, the diesel engine provided ample low-end torque, making it well-suited for navigating hilly terrain or carrying a full load of passengers and cargo. The four-speed manual gearbox was relatively straightforward, with gear ratios optimized for fuel economy and everyday driving. Compared to the gasoline-powered 404 variants, the 1.9d was noticeably slower, but it compensated with significantly better fuel economy. The rear-wheel-drive configuration provided predictable handling, although it lacked the sophistication of more modern suspension systems.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The 404 Berline 1.9d was generally offered with a fairly basic level of equipment, reflecting its positioning as a practical and affordable family car. Standard features typically included cloth upholstery, a simple dashboard layout with basic instrumentation, and manually operated windows and door locks. Optional extras could include a radio, heater, and upgraded interior trim. The trim level was often differentiated by minor cosmetic details, such as the type of hubcaps or the finish of the interior trim. The focus was on functionality and durability rather than luxury.
Chassis & Braking
The 404 Berline featured a traditional body-on-frame construction, providing a robust and durable chassis. Suspension consisted of coil springs and spring struts at both the front and rear, offering a reasonably comfortable ride. Braking was accomplished via drum brakes on all four wheels, which were adequate for the car’s weight and performance capabilities. Steering was handled by a worm-reduction unit, which provided a relatively direct feel but required more effort than modern rack-and-pinion systems. The car’s tires were typically 185/80 R15 or 175/80 R16, providing a good balance of grip and ride comfort.
Market Reception & Comparison
The Peugeot 404 Berline 1.9d was generally well-received in markets where fuel economy and reliability were prioritized. Critics praised its durability and low running costs, but acknowledged its modest performance. Compared to the gasoline-powered 404 variants, the 1.9d offered significantly better fuel economy, making it a popular choice for fleet operators and drivers who covered long distances. It was often seen as a more sensible and practical alternative to the more powerful, but less economical, gasoline models. The 1.9d also faced competition from other diesel-powered sedans of the era, such as the Mercedes-Benz W110 and the Volvo 144, but it typically offered a more affordable price point.
Legacy
The Peugeot 404 Berline 1.9d has earned a reputation as a remarkably durable and reliable vehicle. Many examples are still in use today, testament to the quality of its engineering and construction. The XD88 diesel engine, while relatively simple, proved to be exceptionally long-lasting, and with proper maintenance, can continue to provide years of service. In the used car market, the 404 Berline 1.9d is valued for its simplicity, affordability, and classic appeal. It represents a significant piece of automotive history, embodying the spirit of a bygone era of robust and practical car design. Its enduring popularity among enthusiasts and collectors is a testament to its lasting legacy.
