1971-1972 Citroen DS III 21 (115 Hp) Automatic

The Citroën DS III 21 Automatic, produced between 1971 and 1972, represents a fascinating intersection of luxury, innovation, and engineering within the iconic DS line. Positioned as a mid-range offering within the DS III generation (based on the 1HX0 platform), this variant combined the renowned hydropneumatic suspension with a 2.2-liter inline-four engine paired to a three-speed automatic transmission. It aimed to provide a more accessible entry point into the DS experience for buyers prioritizing comfort and ease of driving over outright performance, while still retaining the model’s distinctive style and advanced technology. The DS, or “Déesse” (Goddess) as it was affectionately known, was a revolutionary vehicle upon its 1955 introduction, and the DS III 21 Automatic continued that legacy into the early 1970s.

Technical Specifications

Powertrain & Engine Architecture

The heart of the DS III 21 Automatic is the 2175cc (132.73 cu. in.) inline-four cylinder engine, designated B22627. This engine, while sharing a basic architecture with other Citroën four-cylinder units of the era, featured a relatively high compression ratio of 8.75:1 for the time. It utilized a single overhead camshaft operating two valves per cylinder. Fuel delivery was managed by a Solex carburetor, a common setup for European cars of this period. The engine produced 115 horsepower at 5750 rpm and 171 Nm (126.12 lb.-ft.) of torque at 4000 rpm. The three-speed automatic transmission, while offering convenience, was not known for its responsiveness or efficiency compared to the available manual gearbox. It was a traditional hydraulic automatic, relying on fluid coupling rather than a torque converter, which contributed to a smoother, but less direct, driving experience.

Driving Characteristics

The DS III 21 Automatic offered a distinctly different driving experience compared to its manual counterparts or the more powerful DS 23. The automatic transmission, while providing ease of use, noticeably dulled acceleration. The 0-60 mph time was estimated to be around 12-13 seconds, making it slower than the manual version. However, the hydropneumatic suspension remained the star of the show, providing an exceptionally smooth and comfortable ride, absorbing bumps and imperfections in the road with remarkable grace. The steering, aided by hydraulic power assistance, was light and precise. The automatic transmission’s gear ratios were optimized for cruising rather than spirited driving, making it well-suited for long journeys on the open road. The front-wheel drive layout provided predictable handling, but the car’s relatively high weight (1320 kg / 2910.1 lbs) and the limitations of the automatic transmission meant it wasn’t a particularly sporty vehicle.

Equipment & Trim Levels

The DS III 21 Automatic was generally well-equipped for its time, reflecting Citroën’s commitment to luxury and innovation. Standard features included comfortable seating for five, power-assisted steering, disc brakes on the front wheels (rear brakes were drums), and of course, the revolutionary hydropneumatic suspension. Interior upholstery was typically cloth, available in a range of colors. Optional extras included leather upholstery, a sunroof, and upgraded audio systems. The dashboard layout was characteristically Citroën, featuring a combination of analog gauges and toggle switches. The DS III 21 Automatic aimed for a balance between luxury and affordability, offering a taste of the DS experience without the higher price tag of the more powerful models.

Chassis & Braking

The DS III 21 Automatic utilized Citroën’s renowned hydropneumatic suspension system, which employed self-leveling and variable damping. This system provided an unparalleled ride quality, maintaining a consistent ride height regardless of load. The front suspension featured independent hydropneumatic elements, while the rear suspension also utilized hydropneumatic spheres. Braking was accomplished via disc brakes on the front wheels and drum brakes on the rear. The hydraulic braking system, linked to the hydropneumatic suspension, provided effective stopping power. The car’s weight distribution, influenced by the front-wheel drive layout and the engine’s position, contributed to predictable handling characteristics.

Market Reception & Comparison

The DS III 21 Automatic received generally positive reviews, with critics praising its ride comfort and innovative technology. However, the automatic transmission was often criticized for its lack of responsiveness and its impact on fuel economy. Compared to the manual version, the automatic offered less engaging driving experience. Against competitors like the Peugeot 504 and the Rover P6, the DS III 21 Automatic stood out for its unique suspension system and distinctive styling. The manual versions of the DS III 21 were favored by enthusiasts seeking a more engaging driving experience, while the automatic appealed to buyers prioritizing comfort and convenience. Fuel economy was reasonable for the era, but not exceptional, averaging around 20-25 mpg.

Legacy

The Citroën DS III 21 Automatic, while not the most sought-after variant of the DS, remains a significant vehicle in automotive history. Its combination of innovative technology, luxurious comfort, and distinctive styling continues to captivate enthusiasts today. The B22627 engine, while not known for being particularly robust, is generally reliable if properly maintained. The hydropneumatic suspension, however, requires regular attention and can be expensive to repair. In the used car market, well-maintained examples of the DS III 21 Automatic command a premium, appealing to collectors and enthusiasts who appreciate the car’s unique character and engineering ingenuity. The DS III 21 Automatic represents a high point in Citroën’s history, embodying the company’s commitment to pushing the boundaries of automotive innovation.