The Citroën ZX 1.1i, produced between 1991 and 1994, represented the entry point into the ZX range, Citroën’s replacement for the popular BX. Part of the N2 series (Phase I), this five-door hatchback aimed to provide affordable and practical transportation within the compact family car segment. Positioned as the most economical variant, the 1.1i was designed for buyers prioritizing fuel efficiency and low running costs over outright performance. It was a key model in establishing the ZX as a modern, technologically advanced vehicle, particularly noted for its innovative suspension system. The ZX, overall, was Citroën’s attempt to recapture market share in a segment dominated by rivals like the Ford Escort and Volkswagen Golf.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | Citroen |
| Model | ZX |
| Generation | ZX (N2, Phase I) 5-door |
| Type (Engine) | 1.1 i (60 Hp) |
| Start of production | 1991 year |
| End of production | 1994 year |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Hatchback |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 5 |
| Fuel consumption (urban) | 7.8 l/100 km (30.2 US mpg, 36.2 UK mpg, 12.8 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (extra urban) | 5.1 l/100 km (46.1 US mpg, 55.4 UK mpg, 19.6 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (combined) | 6.8 l/100 km (34.6 US mpg, 41.5 UK mpg, 14.7 km/l) |
| Fuel Type | Petrol (Gasoline) |
| Acceleration 0 – 100 km/h | 16.8 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 62 mph | 16.8 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 60 mph | 16 sec |
| Maximum speed | 161 km/h (100.04 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 15.6 kg/Hp, 64.2 Hp/tonne |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 10.5 kg/Nm, 95.2 Nm/tonne |
| Power | 60 Hp @ 6200 rpm |
| Power per litre | 53.4 Hp/l |
| Torque | 89 Nm @ 3800 rpm (65.64 lb.-ft. @ 3800 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Transverse |
| Engine Model/Code | HDZ TU1MZ |
| Engine displacement | 1124 cm3 (68.59 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Engine configuration | Inline |
| Cylinder Bore | 72 mm (2.83 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 69 mm (2.72 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 9.4:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Single-point injection |
| Engine aspiration | Naturally aspirated engine |
| Valvetrain | OHC |
| Engine oil capacity | 3.5 l (3.7 US qt | 3.08 UK qt) |
| Coolant | 6.5 l (6.87 US qt | 5.72 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 935 kg (2061.32 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 1465 kg (3229.77 lbs.) |
| Max load | 530 kg (1168.45 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 324 l (11.44 cu. ft.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – maximum | 1146 l (40.47 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 56 l (14.79 US gal | 12.32 UK gal) |
| Max. roof load | 75 kg (165.35 lbs.) |
| Permitted trailer load with brakes (12%) | 900 kg (1984.16 lbs.) |
| Permitted trailer load without brakes | 465 kg (1025.15 lbs.) |
| Permitted towbar download | 70 kg (154.32 lbs.) |
| Length | 4071 mm (160.28 in.) |
| Width | 1688 mm (66.46 in.) |
| Height | 1397 mm (55 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2540 mm (100 in.) |
| Front track | 1414 mm (55.67 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1407 mm (55.39 in.) |
| Front overhang | 849 mm (33.43 in.) |
| Rear overhang | 682 mm (26.85 in.) |
| Ride height (ground clearance) | 114 mm (4.49 in.) |
| Drag coefficient (Cd) | 0.32 |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the front wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Front wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 5 gears, manual transmission |
| Front suspension | Independent type McPherson, Wishbone |
| Rear suspension | Hydro-pneumatic element, Trailing arm |
| Front brakes | Disc |
| Rear brakes | Drum |
| Assisting systems | ABS (Anti-lock braking system) |
| Steering type | Steering rack and pinion |
| Power steering | Hydraulic Steering |
| Tires size | 165/70 R13 |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The Citroën ZX 1.1i was powered by the HDZ (or sometimes TU1MZ) engine, a 1124cc inline-four cylinder petrol engine. This engine was a mainstay of Citroën and Peugeot vehicles of the era, known for its simplicity and reliability. The HDZ featured a single overhead camshaft (OHC) operating two valves per cylinder. Fuel delivery was handled by a single-point fuel injection system, a relatively basic setup compared to the multi-point injection systems found in higher-spec ZX models. This system, while contributing to lower emissions than carbureted engines, didn’t offer the same level of precise fuel control. The engine produced 60 horsepower at 6200 rpm and 89 Nm (65.64 lb-ft) of torque at 3800 rpm. The engine was transversely mounted, driving the front wheels. The standard transmission was a five-speed manual gearbox, although a three-speed automatic transmission was also available, albeit less common. The automatic gearbox was known for its smooth operation but contributed to reduced fuel economy and slower acceleration.
Driving Characteristics
The ZX 1.1i, particularly in manual form, offered a utilitarian driving experience. Acceleration was modest, taking around 16.8 seconds to reach 62 mph. The engine felt strained at higher speeds, and overtaking required careful planning. The automatic transmission further dulled performance, increasing the 0-62 mph time. However, the ZX’s strength lay in its comfortable ride quality, thanks to its sophisticated hydro-pneumatic suspension on the rear axle. This system provided a remarkably smooth and controlled ride, even on uneven surfaces. The steering was light and precise, making the car easy to maneuver in urban environments. The gear ratios in the manual gearbox were well-chosen to maximize fuel efficiency, but didn’t prioritize sporty driving. Compared to the more powerful ZX 1.6i or 1.9 diesel models, the 1.1i felt significantly underpowered, but it offered a more relaxed and economical driving experience.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The 1.1i ZX typically came with a basic level of equipment. Standard features included central locking, power steering, and a basic stereo system. Interior upholstery was typically cloth, and the dashboard featured a simple, functional design. Optional extras included electric windows, a sunroof, and upgraded stereo systems. The trim level was generally considered the entry-level specification, focusing on providing essential features at an affordable price. The interior plastics were durable but lacked the refinement found in more expensive cars. Safety features were limited by the standards of the time, with ABS being an optional extra rather than standard equipment.
Chassis & Braking
The ZX featured an independent McPherson strut front suspension and a hydro-pneumatic rear suspension. The hydro-pneumatic system, a Citroën hallmark, allowed for self-leveling and adjustable ride height, contributing to the car’s exceptional ride comfort. The front brakes were discs, while the rear brakes were drums. ABS was available as an option, improving braking performance and stability. The chassis was relatively lightweight, contributing to the car’s nimble handling. Stabilizer bars were fitted to both the front and rear axles to reduce body roll during cornering.
Market Reception & Comparison
The Citroën ZX 1.1i was generally well-received as an affordable and practical family car. Critics praised its comfortable ride and fuel efficiency, but noted its lack of performance. Compared to rivals like the Ford Escort and Volkswagen Golf, the ZX offered a more distinctive driving experience, thanks to its unique suspension system. However, the Escort and Golf generally offered a wider range of engine options and a more established reputation for reliability. The 1.1i’s fuel economy was competitive, averaging around 34.6 US mpg in combined driving. Maintenance costs were relatively low, thanks to the engine’s simplicity and the availability of spare parts.
Legacy
The Citroën ZX 1.1i, while not the most exciting variant in the range, proved to be a reliable and economical workhorse for many owners. The HDZ engine, while basic, was generally durable and capable of high mileage with proper maintenance. Today, the ZX 1.1i is a relatively rare sight on the roads, but it remains a popular choice among classic car enthusiasts seeking an affordable and distinctive French hatchback. The hydro-pneumatic suspension, while requiring occasional maintenance, continues to be admired for its unique ride quality. The car’s simple construction makes it relatively easy to repair and maintain, ensuring its continued survival in the hands of dedicated owners.
