The BMW 5 Series E28 524td, produced between 1983 and 1987, represents a unique and relatively rare variant within the iconic E28 generation. Positioned as a fuel-efficient alternative in a market increasingly concerned with rising gasoline prices, the 524td combined the 5 Series’ renowned chassis with a turbocharged diesel engine. This model was primarily aimed at European markets, particularly Germany, where diesel engines were gaining popularity for their economy and durability. While not officially sold in the United States during its production run, the E28 524td has gained a following among enthusiasts seeking a distinctive and robust classic BMW. It sits within the E28 family, which spanned a range of engine options from the 525e to the high-performance M5.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | BMW |
| Model | 5 Series |
| Generation | 5 Series (E28) |
| Type (Engine) | 524td (115 Hp) |
| Start of production | 1983 |
| End of production | 1987 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Sedan |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 4 |
| Fuel consumption (urban) | 9 l/100 km (26.1 US mpg, 31.4 UK mpg, 11.1 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (extra urban) | 5.2 l/100 km (45.2 US mpg, 54.3 UK mpg, 19.2 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (combined) | 7.1 l/100 km (33.1 US mpg, 39.8 UK mpg, 14.1 km/l) |
| Fuel Type | Diesel |
| Acceleration 0 – 100 km/h | 12.9 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 62 mph | 12.9 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 60 mph | 12.3 sec |
| Maximum speed | 180 km/h (111.85 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 11.3 kg/Hp, 88.5 Hp/tonne |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 6.2 kg/Nm, 161.5 Nm/tonne |
| Power | 115 Hp @ 4800 rpm |
| Power per litre | 47.1 Hp/l |
| Torque | 210 Nm @ 2400 rpm (154.89 lb.-ft. @ 2400 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Longitudinal |
| Engine Model/Code | M21D24 |
| Engine displacement | 2443 cm3 (149.08 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 6 |
| Engine configuration | Inline |
| Cylinder Bore | 80 mm (3.15 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 81 mm (3.19 in.) |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Precombustion chamber injection |
| Engine aspiration | Turbocharger, Intercooler |
| Engine oil capacity | 5.7 l (6.02 US qt | 5.02 UK qt) |
| Coolant capacity | 11 l (11.62 US qt | 9.68 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 1300 kg (2866.01 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 1810 kg (3990.37 lbs.) |
| Max load | 510 kg (1124.36 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 460 l (16.24 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 70 l (18.49 US gal | 15.4 UK gal) |
| Length | 4620 mm (181.89 in.) |
| Width | 1700 mm (66.93 in.) |
| Height | 1415 mm (55.71 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2625 mm (103.35 in.) |
| Front track | 1430 mm (56.3 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1470 mm (57.87 in.) |
| Ride height (ground clearance) | 140 mm (5.51 in.) |
| Drivetrain Architecture | Rear wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 5 gears, manual transmission |
| Front brakes | Disc |
| Rear brakes | Disc |
| Tires size | 175/80 R14 |
| Wheel rims size | 14 |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The heart of the 524td is the M21D24 engine, a 2.4-liter inline-six cylinder diesel. This engine was a significant departure for BMW, which was primarily known for its gasoline engines. The M21D24 utilizes precombustion chamber injection, a system where fuel is injected into a small pre-chamber connected to the main combustion chamber, promoting more complete combustion. A turbocharger with an intercooler was added to increase power output to 115 horsepower and 210 Nm (155 lb-ft) of torque. This was a substantial improvement over naturally aspirated diesel engines of the time. The engine is longitudinally mounted, driving the rear wheels. The 524td was exclusively offered with a 5-speed manual transmission, chosen for its durability and ability to handle the diesel engine’s torque characteristics. The transmission’s gear ratios were optimized for fuel efficiency and reasonable acceleration, though it wasn’t designed for outright performance.
Driving Characteristics
The 524td offered a distinctly different driving experience compared to its gasoline-powered siblings. While lacking the immediate responsiveness of the 525e or the power of the M5, the 524td provided strong low-end torque, making it surprisingly capable in everyday driving situations. The turbocharger provided a noticeable boost in power, but turbo lag was present, requiring drivers to anticipate acceleration. The manual transmission, while robust, had a relatively long throw. The car’s weight and the diesel engine’s characteristics meant that 0-60 mph acceleration took around 12.3 seconds, and top speed was limited to 112 mph. However, the 524td excelled in fuel economy, achieving around 33-40 mpg on the highway, a significant advantage over gasoline-powered cars of the era.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The 524td was generally equipped with a fairly standard level of features for the E28 5 Series. Standard equipment included cloth upholstery, manual windows and door locks, and a basic stereo system. Optional extras included power windows, central locking, a sunroof, and upgraded audio systems. The interior trim was typically functional and durable, reflecting the car’s focus on practicality. The exterior styling was consistent with other E28 models, with the exception of a small “td” badge on the trunk lid to denote the diesel engine. The 524td wasn’t positioned as a luxury trim; it was more of a value-oriented option for buyers prioritizing fuel efficiency.
Chassis & Braking
The 524td shared the E28’s robust chassis and suspension setup. It featured independent suspension at all four wheels, with MacPherson struts at the front and semi-trailing arms at the rear. The suspension was tuned for comfort and stability, providing a relatively smooth ride. Brakes were disc brakes on all four wheels, offering adequate stopping power for the car’s weight and performance. The 524td’s suspension and braking systems were largely identical to those found on other E28 models, though some minor adjustments may have been made to accommodate the diesel engine’s weight.
Market Reception & Comparison
The 524td was well-received in Europe, particularly by drivers seeking a fuel-efficient and reliable sedan. Critics praised its economy and durability, but noted its lack of outright performance compared to gasoline-powered rivals. Compared to the 525e, the 524td offered significantly better fuel economy but less horsepower and acceleration. The 524td was also more affordable than the high-performance M5. Its main competitors included diesel-powered Mercedes-Benz and Audi models.
Legacy
The BMW E28 524td has become a sought-after classic among BMW enthusiasts. The M21D24 engine is known for its durability and longevity, and well-maintained examples can still provide reliable transportation today. However, finding parts for the 524td can be challenging, as it was a relatively low-volume model. The car’s unique combination of a classic BMW chassis and a turbocharged diesel engine makes it a distinctive and appealing choice for collectors and enthusiasts. The 524td represents a fascinating chapter in BMW’s history, demonstrating the company’s willingness to experiment with alternative powertrains.
