The BMW 5 Series (E39) facelift 520d, produced from 2000 to 2003, represented BMW’s entry point into the premium mid-size sedan market with a diesel engine. Positioned as the most fuel-efficient variant of the E39, it aimed to offer a balance of luxury, practicality, and running costs. This model was primarily sold in Europe, where diesel engines enjoyed significant popularity due to favorable taxation and fuel prices. The 520d utilized BMW’s then-new common rail diesel technology, offering improved refinement and performance over previous generation diesel offerings. It sat below the 525i, 530i, and 540i gasoline models, as well as the more performance-oriented 535d, catering to buyers prioritizing economy and lower total cost of ownership.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | BMW |
| Model | 5 Series |
| Generation | 5 Series (E39, Facelift 2000) |
| Type (Engine) | 520d (136 Hp) |
| Start of production | 2000 year |
| End of production | 2003 year |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Sedan |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 4 |
| Fuel consumption (economy) – urban | 7.8 l/100 km (30.2 US mpg, 36.2 UK mpg, 12.8 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (economy) – extra urban | 4.6 l/100 km (51.1 US mpg, 61.4 UK mpg, 21.7 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (economy) – combined | 5.9 l/100 km (39.9 US mpg, 47.9 UK mpg, 16.9 km/l) |
| Fuel Type | Diesel |
| Acceleration 0 – 100 km/h | 10.6 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 62 mph | 10.6 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 60 mph | 10.1 sec |
| Maximum speed | 206 km/h (128 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 11 kg/Hp, 91.3 Hp/tonne |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 5.3 kg/Nm, 187.9 Nm/tonne |
| Power | 136 Hp @ 4000 rpm |
| Power per litre | 69.7 Hp/l |
| Torque | 280 Nm @ 1750 rpm (206.52 lb.-ft. @ 1750 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Longitudinal |
| Engine Model/Code | M47D20 |
| Engine displacement | 1951 cm3 (119.06 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Engine configuration | Inline |
| Cylinder Bore | 84 mm (3.31 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 88 mm (3.46 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 19:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 4 |
| Fuel injection system | Diesel Commonrail |
| Engine aspiration | Turbocharger, Intercooler |
| Valvetrain | OHC |
| Engine oil capacity | 6 l (6.34 US qt | 5.28 UK qt) |
| Coolant | 8.4 l (8.88 US qt | 7.39 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 1490 kg (3284.89 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 2000 kg (4409.25 lbs.) |
| Max load | 510 kg (1124.36 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 460 l (16.24 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 70 l (18.49 US gal | 15.4 UK gal) |
| Length | 4775 mm (187.99 in.) |
| Width | 1800 mm (70.87 in.) |
| Height | 1435 mm (56.5 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2830 mm (111.42 in.) |
| Front track | 1516 mm (59.69 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1530 mm (60.24 in.) |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the rear wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Rear wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 5 gears, manual transmission |
| Front suspension | Wishbone |
| Rear suspension | Several levers and rods |
| Front brakes | Ventilated discs |
| Rear brakes | Disc |
| Assisting systems | ABS (Anti-lock braking system) |
| Steering type | Steering rack and pinion |
| Power steering | Hydraulic Steering |
| Tires size | 205/65 R15 |
| Wheel rims size | 15 |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The heart of the 520d was the M47D20, a 2.0-liter inline-four cylinder diesel engine. This engine was a significant step forward for BMW, utilizing second-generation common rail direct injection technology supplied by Bosch. This system allowed for multiple injection events per combustion cycle, improving refinement, reducing noise, and optimizing combustion efficiency. The engine featured a single turbocharger with an intercooler to increase air density and boost power output. The valvetrain employed a single overhead camshaft (OHC) operating four valves per cylinder. The M47D20 produced 136 horsepower at 4000 rpm and 280 Nm (206.52 lb-ft) of torque at a low 1750 rpm, providing a broad and usable powerband. The 5-speed manual transmission was standard, offering precise shifts and contributing to the car’s overall efficiency. While an automatic transmission was available, it was less common and often criticized for its slower response compared to the manual.
Driving Characteristics
The 520d, with its 136 hp and manual transmission, offered a respectable, though not exhilarating, driving experience. Acceleration from 0-60 mph took around 10.1 seconds, making it competitive with other diesel-powered sedans of the era. The engine’s strong low-end torque made it particularly well-suited for everyday driving and overtaking maneuvers. The manual gearbox, while not sporty, was precise and allowed the driver to make the most of the available power. Compared to the higher-output 525i or 530i models, the 520d felt noticeably slower, especially at higher speeds. However, it offered a more relaxed and fuel-efficient driving experience. The gear ratios were optimized for economy, meaning the engine often ran at lower RPMs during cruising, contributing to its impressive fuel consumption figures.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The 520d typically came equipped with a solid base level of features, including power windows, power mirrors, central locking, and an AM/FM radio. Upholstery was generally cloth, though leather was available as an option. Standard safety equipment included ABS brakes, airbags, and traction control. Optional extras included a sunroof, automatic climate control, heated seats, and a premium sound system. Trim levels were relatively simple; the 520d didn’t offer the extensive customization options of its gasoline-powered siblings. The focus was on providing a well-equipped, practical, and affordable entry point into the 5 Series range.
Chassis & Braking
The E39 520d utilized a robust chassis featuring a MacPherson strut front suspension and a multi-link rear suspension. This setup provided a comfortable ride and good handling characteristics. The front brakes were ventilated discs, while the rear brakes were solid discs. ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) was standard, enhancing safety and stability during braking. The suspension was tuned for comfort rather than outright sportiness, prioritizing ride quality over aggressive handling. Stabilizer bars were fitted front and rear to reduce body roll during cornering.
Market Reception & Comparison
The 520d was generally well-received by automotive critics, particularly for its fuel efficiency and refined diesel engine. It was praised for offering a comfortable ride and a practical interior. However, some critics noted its relatively modest performance compared to the gasoline-powered models. Compared to the 525i, the 520d offered significantly better fuel economy but lacked the same level of performance. The 535d, with its more powerful engine, provided a more engaging driving experience but came at a higher price point. The 520d’s main appeal lay in its balance of economy, comfort, and practicality, making it a popular choice for fleet buyers and private individuals seeking a fuel-efficient luxury sedan.
Legacy
The M47D20 engine proved to be a reliable and durable powerplant, and many 520d models continue to be driven today. While diesel engines are susceptible to issues related to fuel quality and maintenance, the M47D20 is generally considered to be a robust unit. On the used car market, the E39 520d represents a relatively affordable entry point into BMW ownership. Its fuel efficiency and relatively low maintenance costs make it an attractive option for budget-conscious buyers. However, potential buyers should be aware of the age-related issues common to all E39 models, such as corrosion and wear and tear on suspension components. The 520d remains a testament to BMW’s ability to blend luxury, performance, and efficiency in a compelling package.
