The Citroën DS II 21, produced between 1965 and 1967, represented a refinement of the groundbreaking Citroën DS, a vehicle that revolutionized automotive design and technology. This variant, powered by a 2.2-liter inline-four engine producing 109 horsepower, occupied a middle ground within the DS II range, offering a balance between performance and affordability. It was positioned above the entry-level ID models but below the more powerful and luxurious DS 23. The DS II series, built on the platform code 1HX0, continued the DS’s legacy of innovation, particularly in its hydropneumatic suspension system. This model was primarily sold in Europe, where it became a symbol of French automotive engineering and design.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | Citroen |
| Model | DS |
| Generation | DS II |
| Type (Engine) | 21 (109 Hp) |
| Start of production | 1965 |
| End of production | 1967 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Sedan |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 4 |
| Fuel consumption (extra urban) | 10.6 l/100 km (22.2 US mpg, 26.6 UK mpg, 9.4 km/l) |
| Fuel Type | Petrol (Gasoline) |
| Maximum speed | 175 km/h (108.74 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 11.7 kg/Hp, 85.2 Hp/tonne |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 7.4 kg/Nm, 135.9 Nm/tonne |
| Power | 109 Hp @ 5500 rpm |
| Power per litre | 50.1 Hp/l |
| Torque | 174 Nm @ 3000-3500 rpm (128.34 lb.-ft. @ 3000-3500 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Longitudinal |
| Engine Model/Code | B22644 |
| Engine displacement | 2175 cm3 (132.73 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Engine configuration | Inline |
| Cylinder Bore | 90 mm (3.54 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 85.5 mm (3.37 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 8.75:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Carburettor |
| Engine aspiration | Naturally aspirated engine |
| Engine oil capacity | 4.5 l (4.76 US qt | 3.96 UK qt) |
| Coolant | 11 l (11.62 US qt | 9.68 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 1280 kg (2821.92 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 1760 kg (3880.14 lbs.) |
| Max load | 480 kg (1058.22 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 500 l (17.66 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 65 l (17.17 US gal | 14.3 UK gal) |
| Length | 4838 mm (190.47 in.) |
| Width | 1790 mm (70.47 in.) |
| Height | 1470 mm (57.87 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 3125 mm (123.03 in.) |
| Front track | 1500 mm (59.06 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1300 mm (51.18 in.) |
| Minimum turning circle | 11 m (36.09 ft.) |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the front wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Front wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 4 gears, manual transmission |
| Front suspension | Hydro-pneumatic element |
| Rear suspension | Hydro-pneumatic element |
| Front brakes | Disc |
| Rear brakes | Drum |
| Steering type | Steering rack and pinion |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The Citroën DS II 21 utilized the B22644 engine, a 2175 cc (132.73 cu. in.) inline-four cylinder petrol engine. This engine featured a cast iron block and an aluminum cylinder head, with a relatively modest compression ratio of 8.75:1. Fuel delivery was managed by a Solex carburetor, a common setup for the era. The engine employed a two-valve per cylinder configuration, operated by a single overhead camshaft. The engine’s longitudinal front-engine layout was a key characteristic of the DS design. The four-speed manual transmission was standard, providing a relatively direct connection between the engine and the front wheels. The transmission was known for its precise shift quality, though it wasn’t particularly sporty in feel.
Driving Characteristics
The DS II 21, with its 109 horsepower and 174 Nm (128.34 lb.-ft.) of torque, offered a comfortable and refined driving experience. Acceleration was adequate for the time, with a 0-60 mph time estimated around 12-13 seconds. The four-speed manual transmission allowed for reasonable control over the engine’s power band. However, compared to the more powerful DS 23, the 21 felt somewhat underpowered, especially when fully loaded or tackling steep inclines. The hydropneumatic suspension, however, remained the defining characteristic of the DS driving experience. It provided an exceptionally smooth ride, absorbing bumps and imperfections in the road with remarkable ease. The steering was light and precise, thanks to the rack and pinion system.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The DS II 21 typically came equipped with features considered luxurious for the mid-1960s. Standard amenities included comfortable cloth upholstery, a well-appointed dashboard with analog gauges, and a steering wheel that could be adjusted for reach and tilt. Power-assisted steering was often included, enhancing maneuverability. Optional extras included leather upholstery, a sunroof, and a more advanced radio system. The interior design emphasized elegance and functionality, with a focus on driver comfort. The DS II 21 aimed to provide a premium experience without the full cost of the flagship DS 23.
Chassis & Braking
The DS II 21’s chassis was a monocoque construction, providing a strong and rigid platform. The hydropneumatic suspension system, developed by Citroën, was a revolutionary feature. It utilized self-leveling spheres filled with nitrogen and hydraulic fluid to maintain a constant ride height and absorb shocks. The front suspension employed independent double wishbones, while the rear utilized a trailing arm setup. Braking duties were handled by disc brakes at the front and drum brakes at the rear. While the braking system was effective for the time, it lacked the stopping power of modern vehicles. The steering system was a rack and pinion design, providing precise and responsive steering.
Market Reception & Comparison
The Citroën DS II 21 was generally well-received by automotive critics. It was praised for its innovative suspension, comfortable ride, and elegant styling. However, some critics noted that the 2.2-liter engine felt somewhat underpowered, particularly when compared to the DS 23. Fuel economy was reasonable for the era, averaging around 22.2 US mpg (26.6 UK mpg). In terms of reliability, the DS II 21 was generally considered to be fairly reliable, although the complex hydropneumatic suspension system required regular maintenance. Compared to other vehicles in its class, such as the Peugeot 504, the DS II 21 offered a more sophisticated and technologically advanced driving experience.
Legacy
The Citroën DS II 21, and the DS series as a whole, left an indelible mark on automotive history. Its innovative hydropneumatic suspension system and aerodynamic design influenced generations of engineers and designers. Today, the DS II 21 is a sought-after classic car, prized for its unique character and technological significance. While the hydropneumatic suspension system can require specialized maintenance, the engine itself is relatively robust and reliable. Parts availability can be a challenge, but a dedicated community of enthusiasts ensures that these iconic vehicles continue to be preserved and enjoyed. The DS II 21 remains a testament to Citroën’s commitment to innovation and its ability to create truly exceptional automobiles.
