The Citroen ZX 1.6i Automatic, produced between 1991 and 1993, represented a key variant within the first phase (N2) of the ZX model range. Positioned as a comfortable and practical family hatchback, it offered a more accessible entry point into the ZX lineup compared to the sportier or higher-specification models. The ZX, as a whole, was Citroen’s replacement for the popular BX, aiming to offer a more modern and refined driving experience while retaining the brand’s commitment to innovative suspension technology. This particular 1.6L automatic configuration was aimed at buyers prioritizing ease of use and comfort over outright performance.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | Citroen |
| Model | ZX |
| Generation | ZX (N2, Phase I) 5-door |
| Type (Engine) | 1.6 i (88 Hp) Automatic |
| Start of production | 1991 |
| End of production | 1993 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Hatchback |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 5 |
| Fuel consumption (urban) | 9.8 l/100 km (24 US mpg, 28.8 UK mpg, 10.2 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (extra urban) | 6 l/100 km (39.2 US mpg, 47.1 UK mpg, 16.7 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (combined) | 7.8 l/100 km (30.2 US mpg, 36.2 UK mpg, 12.8 km/l) |
| Fuel Type | Petrol (Gasoline) |
| Acceleration 0 – 100 km/h | 16.7 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 62 mph | 16.7 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 60 mph | 15.9 sec |
| Maximum speed | 171 km/h (106.25 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 11.7 kg/Hp, 85.4 Hp/tonne |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 8 kg/Nm, 124.3 Nm/tonne |
| Power | 88 Hp @ 6400 rpm |
| Power per litre | 55.7 Hp/l |
| Torque | 128 Nm @ 3000 rpm (94.41 lb.-ft. @ 3000 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Transverse |
| Engine Model/Code | BDY XU5M3 L/Z |
| Engine displacement | 1580 cm3 (96.42 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Engine configuration | Inline |
| Cylinder Bore | 83 mm (3.27 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 73 mm (2.87 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 8.95:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Single-point injection |
| Engine aspiration | Naturally aspirated engine |
| Valvetrain | OHC |
| Engine oil capacity | 4.75 l (5.02 US qt | 4.18 UK qt) |
| Coolant | 8 l (8.45 US qt | 7.04 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 1030 kg (2270.76 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 1540 kg (3395.12 lbs.) |
| Max load | 510 kg (1124.36 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 343 l (12.11 cu. ft.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – maximum | 926 l (32.7 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 56 l (14.79 US gal | 12.32 UK gal) |
| Max. roof load | 75 kg (165.35 lbs.) |
| Permitted trailer load with brakes (12%) | 1000 kg (2204.62 lbs.) |
| Permitted trailer load without brakes | 500 kg (1102.31 lbs.) |
| Permitted towbar download | 75 kg (165.35 lbs.) |
| Length | 4071 mm (160.28 in.) |
| Width | 1702 mm (67.01 in.) |
| Height | 1404 mm (55.28 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2540 mm (100 in.) |
| Front track | 1422 mm (55.98 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1415 mm (55.71 in.) |
| Front overhang | 849 mm (33.43 in.) |
| Rear overhang | 682 mm (26.85 in.) |
| Minimum turning circle | 11.1 m (36.42 ft.) |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the front wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Front wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 4 gears, automatic transmission |
| Front suspension | Independent type McPherson, Wishbone |
| Rear suspension | Hydro-pneumatic element, Trailing arm |
| Front brakes | Ventilated discs |
| Rear brakes | Drum |
| Steering type | Steering rack and pinion |
| Power steering | Hydraulic Steering |
| Tires size | 175/65 R14 |
| Wheel rims size | 5.5J x 14 |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The Citroen ZX 1.6i Automatic utilized the BDY/XU5M3 engine, a 1.6-liter inline-four cylinder petrol engine. This engine was a staple in many PSA (Peugeot Société Anonyme) group vehicles of the era. It featured a single-point fuel injection system, which, while less sophisticated than multi-point injection, contributed to reasonable fuel economy and acceptable performance for the target market. The engine produced 88 horsepower at 6400 rpm and 128 Nm (94.41 lb-ft) of torque at 3000 rpm. The overhead camshaft (OHC) valvetrain operated two valves per cylinder. The engine’s relatively simple design prioritized reliability and ease of maintenance.
The automatic transmission was a four-speed unit, designed to provide smooth and effortless gear changes. While not known for its sportiness, it was well-suited to the engine’s characteristics and the intended use of the vehicle. The transmission’s gear ratios were optimized for fuel efficiency and comfortable cruising rather than rapid acceleration.
Driving Characteristics
The ZX 1.6i Automatic offered a comfortable, if not particularly exciting, driving experience. Acceleration was modest, taking approximately 16.7 seconds to reach 62 mph (100 km/h). The automatic transmission, while convenient, did detract from the engine’s available power, resulting in a noticeable difference in performance compared to the five-speed manual version. The emphasis was on smooth power delivery and ease of driving in urban environments. The hydropneumatic suspension, a Citroen hallmark, provided a remarkably smooth and comfortable ride, absorbing bumps and imperfections in the road surface effectively. However, the suspension could sometimes feel a little floaty, especially at higher speeds.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The 1.6i Automatic trim level typically included features such as central locking, power steering, and a basic stereo system. Interior upholstery was generally cloth, with a functional and durable design. Optional extras included electric windows, a sunroof, and upgraded audio systems. The dashboard layout was typical of early 1990s Citroens, with a clear and straightforward design. The trim level aimed to provide a good balance of comfort and practicality without the added cost of more luxurious features.
Chassis & Braking
The ZX featured independent front suspension with McPherson struts and wishbones, while the rear suspension utilized Citroen’s innovative hydropneumatic system with trailing arms. This combination provided a unique and comfortable ride quality. Braking was handled by ventilated discs at the front and drum brakes at the rear. The braking system was adequate for the vehicle’s weight and performance, but lacked the stopping power of more modern systems. The hydraulic power steering provided light and easy steering, making maneuvering in tight spaces effortless.
Market Reception & Comparison
The Citroen ZX 1.6i Automatic was generally well-received by critics as a practical and comfortable family car. However, its performance was often criticized as being somewhat underwhelming, particularly when compared to rivals such as the Ford Escort or Volkswagen Golf. Fuel economy was considered reasonable for the time, but not exceptional. Compared to the higher-output ZX variants, such as the 2.0i 16V, the 1.6i Automatic offered a more affordable entry point into the ZX range, but at the expense of performance and driving excitement. The 1.9 TDI diesel version offered superior fuel economy but lacked the refinement of the petrol engine.
Legacy
The Citroen ZX 1.6i Automatic, while not a particularly sought-after model today, remains a relatively reliable and affordable classic car. The XU5M engine is known for its durability, and the hydropneumatic suspension, while requiring occasional maintenance, provides a unique and comfortable driving experience. Parts availability can be a challenge, but a dedicated community of Citroen enthusiasts ensures that spares are still obtainable. The ZX 1.6i Automatic represents a snapshot of early 1990s automotive engineering, offering a blend of practicality, comfort, and innovative technology.
