The Mercedes-Benz E 320, produced between July 1993 and August 1995, represented a significant step up in performance and refinement within the W124 E-Class range. Positioned as a mid-to-upper trim level, it offered a compelling blend of luxury, performance, and the renowned Mercedes-Benz build quality. This variant, equipped with the M104 E 32 inline-six engine and a five-speed automatic transmission, aimed to deliver a more spirited driving experience than the base E 220 or E 280 models, while remaining more accessible than the flagship E 420. The W124 generation, known for its robust engineering and longevity, cemented Mercedes-Benz’s reputation for building durable and comfortable automobiles.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | Mercedes-Benz |
| Model | E-class |
| Generation | E-class (W124) |
| Type (Engine) | E 320 (220 Hp) Automatic |
| Start of production | July, 1993 |
| End of production | August, 1995 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Sedan |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 4 |
| Fuel consumption (urban) | 14.6 l/100 km (16.1 US mpg, 19.3 UK mpg, 6.8 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (extra urban) | 8.6 l/100 km (27.4 US mpg, 32.8 UK mpg, 11.6 km/l) |
| Fuel Type | Petrol (Gasoline) |
| Acceleration 0 – 100 km/h | 7.9 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 62 mph | 7.9 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 60 mph | 7.5 sec |
| Maximum speed | 230 km/h (142.92 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 6.8 kg/Hp, 147.7 Hp/tonne |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 4.8 kg/Nm, 208.1 Nm/tonne |
| Power | 220 Hp @ 5500 rpm |
| Power per litre | 68.8 Hp/l |
| Torque | 310 Nm @ 3750 rpm (228.64 lb.-ft. @ 3750 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Longitudinal |
| Engine Model/Code | M 104 E 32 / 104.992 |
| Engine displacement | 3199 cm3 (195.21 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 6 |
| Engine configuration | Inline |
| Cylinder Bore | 89.9 mm (3.54 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 84 mm (3.31 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 10:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 4 |
| Fuel injection system | Multi-port manifold injection |
| Engine aspiration | Naturally aspirated engine |
| Valvetrain | DOHC |
| Engine oil capacity | 7.5 l (7.93 US qt | 6.6 UK qt) |
| Coolant | 9 l (9.51 US qt | 7.92 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 1490 kg (3284.89 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 2050 kg (4519.48 lbs.) |
| Max load | 560 kg (1234.59 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 520 l (18.36 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 70 l (18.49 US gal | 15.4 UK gal) |
| Length | 4740 mm (186.61 in.) |
| Width | 1740 mm (68.5 in.) |
| Height | 1430 mm (56.3 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2800 mm (110.24 in.) |
| Front track | 1501 mm (59.09 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1491 mm (58.7 in.) |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the rear wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Rear wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 5 gears, automatic transmission |
| Front suspension | Wishbone |
| Rear suspension | Independent multi-link suspension |
| Front brakes | Ventilated discs |
| Rear brakes | Disc |
| Assisting systems | ABS (Anti-lock braking system) |
| Steering type | Cone worm with recirculation balls |
| Power steering | Hydraulic Steering |
| Tires size | Front wheel tires: 195/65 R15Rear wheel tires: 195/65 R15 |
| Wheel rims size | Front wheel rims: 6.5J x 15Rear wheel rims: 6.5J x 15 |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The heart of the E 320 is the M104 E 32 engine, a 3.2-liter inline-six cylinder powerplant. This engine, a descendant of the M103, featured a cast iron block and aluminum cylinder head, incorporating dual overhead camshafts (DOHC) and four valves per cylinder. The M104 utilized Bosch Motronic fuel injection, precisely controlling fuel delivery for optimal performance and efficiency. The engine’s design emphasized smooth operation and a broad torque curve, making it well-suited for both highway cruising and spirited driving. The five-speed automatic transmission (typically the 722.3 or 722.5 series) was chosen for its smoothness and reliability. This transmission featured electronic control, adapting shift points based on throttle position and driving conditions. While not as sporty as a manual transmission, it provided a comfortable and convenient driving experience, aligning with the E-Class’s luxury focus.
Driving Characteristics
The E 320 Automatic offered a noticeably more refined and powerful driving experience compared to the four-cylinder E 220 or the six-cylinder E 280. The 220 horsepower and 229 lb-ft of torque provided ample acceleration, with a 0-60 mph time of around 7.5 seconds. The automatic transmission, while smooth, did introduce some power loss compared to a manual gearbox. Gear ratios were tuned for a balance of acceleration and fuel economy. In typical driving situations, the transmission shifted smoothly and predictably. However, aggressive acceleration could sometimes result in a slight hesitation before downshifting. The rear-wheel drive configuration provided a balanced feel, although it lacked the all-weather capability of later-generation E-Classes with all-wheel drive.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The E 320 typically came standard with a generous array of features, reflecting its position as a premium model. These included power windows, power locks, a sunroof, cruise control, and air conditioning. Interior upholstery was typically cloth, but leather was a popular option. Wood trim adorned the dashboard and door panels, adding to the luxurious ambiance. Optional extras included a premium sound system, heated seats, and automatic climate control. The E 320 also benefited from Mercedes-Benz’s attention to detail, with high-quality materials and a well-assembled interior.
Chassis & Braking
The W124 E-Class chassis featured independent suspension all around, with a wishbone setup at the front and a multi-link suspension at the rear. This configuration provided a comfortable ride and good handling characteristics. The E 320 typically came equipped with ventilated disc brakes at the front and solid disc brakes at the rear. Anti-lock braking system (ABS) was standard, enhancing safety and control during emergency braking. Steering was handled by a recirculating ball system with hydraulic power assistance, providing a responsive and precise feel.
Market Reception & Comparison
The E 320 was generally well-received by automotive critics, who praised its smooth engine, comfortable ride, and luxurious interior. It was often seen as a sweet spot in the E-Class lineup, offering a significant performance upgrade over the base models without the higher price tag of the E 420. Fuel economy was reasonable for a vehicle of its size and performance, averaging around 19 mpg in the city and 27 mpg on the highway. Compared to the E 280, the E 320 offered a noticeable increase in power and torque, resulting in quicker acceleration and more confident passing maneuvers. However, the E 320’s increased complexity and higher maintenance costs were potential drawbacks.
Legacy
The M104 engine, found in the E 320, is renowned for its durability and reliability. With proper maintenance, these engines can easily exceed 200,000 miles. The W124 E-Class, as a whole, has developed a strong following among enthusiasts, who appreciate its robust construction and timeless design. Today, well-maintained E 320s are sought after by collectors and enthusiasts alike. While parts availability can be a concern, the M104 engine’s simplicity and robust design make it relatively easy to repair. The E 320 stands as a testament to Mercedes-Benz’s engineering prowess and a reminder of a time when luxury cars were built to last.
