The Volkswagen Golf II 1.6 TD (70 hp) was a popular variant of the second-generation Golf, produced between 1983 and 1987. Positioned as an economy-focused option within the Golf II range, it offered a diesel-powered alternative to the gasoline engines, appealing to drivers prioritizing fuel efficiency. This five-door hatchback played a significant role in establishing the Golf as a versatile and practical family car in Europe, where diesel engines were gaining traction due to favorable taxation and fuel costs. While not a performance model, the 1.6 TD provided a durable and economical means of transportation for a broad customer base.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | Volkswagen |
| Model | Golf |
| Generation | Golf II (5-door) |
| Type (Engine) | 1.6 TD (70 Hp) |
| Start of production | 1983 |
| End of production | 1987 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Hatchback |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 5 |
| Fuel consumption (urban) | 6.1 l/100 km (38.6 US mpg, 46.3 UK mpg, 16.4 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (extra urban) | 4.3 l/100 km (54.7 US mpg, 65.7 UK mpg, 23.3 km/l) |
| Fuel Type | Diesel |
| Acceleration 0 – 100 km/h | 14.5 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 62 mph | 14.5 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 60 mph | 13.8 sec |
| Maximum speed | 160 km/h (99.42 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 13.4 kg/Hp, 74.5 Hp/tonne |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 7.1 kg/Nm, 141.5 Nm/tonne |
| Power | 70 Hp @ 4500 rpm |
| Power per litre | 44.1 Hp/l |
| Torque | 133 Nm @ 2600 rpm (98.1 lb.-ft. @ 2600 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Transverse |
| Engine Model/Code | JR |
| Engine displacement | 1588 cm3 (96.91 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Engine configuration | Inline |
| Cylinder Bore | 76.5 mm (3.01 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 86.4 mm (3.4 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 23:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Precombustion chamber injection |
| Engine aspiration | Turbocharger |
| Valvetrain | SOHC |
| Engine oil capacity | 3 l (3.17 US qt | 2.64 UK qt) |
| Coolant | 6.5 l (6.87 US qt | 5.72 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 940 kg (2072.35 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 1430 kg (3152.61 lbs.) |
| Max load | 490 kg (1080.27 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 345 l (12.18 cu. ft.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – maximum | 1145 l (40.44 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 55 l (14.53 US gal | 12.1 UK gal) |
| Permitted trailer load with brakes (12%) | 1000 kg (2204.62 lbs.) |
| Permitted trailer load without brakes | 490 kg (1080.27 lbs.) |
| Length | 3985 mm (156.89 in.) |
| Width | 1665-1680 mm (65.55 – 66.14 in.) |
| Height | 1415 mm (55.71 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2475 mm (97.44 in.) |
| Front track | 1427 mm (56.18 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1422 mm (55.98 in.) |
| Front overhang | 810 mm (31.89 in.) |
| Rear overhang | 700 mm (27.56 in.) |
| Ride height (ground clearance) | 120 mm (4.72 in.) |
| Drag coefficient (Cd) | 0.34 |
| Minimum turning circle (turning diameter) | 10.5 m (34.45 ft.) |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the front wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Front wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 5 gears, manual transmission |
| Front suspension | Independent type McPherson, Transverse stabilizer |
| Rear suspension | Elastic beam |
| Front brakes | Disc |
| Rear brakes | Drum |
| Steering type | Steering rack and pinion |
| Tires size | 175/70 R13 |
| Wheel rims size | 5.5J x 13 |
INTRODUCTION
The Volkswagen Golf II 1.6 TD, produced from 1983 to 1987, represented a practical and fuel-efficient option within the broader Golf II lineup. Built on the 1HX0/A3 platform, this variant aimed to provide economical transportation for families and commuters. It occupied the lower to mid-range of the Golf II offerings, sitting below the more powerful gasoline models like the GTI and the larger-engined diesel variants. The 1.6 TD was particularly popular in European markets where diesel fuel was cheaper and diesel engines benefited from favorable tax regulations.
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The heart of the Golf II 1.6 TD was the JR engine code, a 1.6-liter inline four-cylinder diesel engine. This engine utilized a precombustion chamber injection system, a common technology for diesel engines of the era. This system involved injecting fuel into a precombustion chamber connected to the main cylinder, promoting more complete combustion. The engine featured a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) valvetrain operating two valves per cylinder. A turbocharger was added to increase power output to 70 hp. The engine’s relatively high compression ratio of 23:1 was typical for indirect injection diesel engines. The engine was transversely mounted, driving the front wheels. The transmission was a five-speed manual gearbox, chosen for its efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Driving Characteristics
The Golf II 1.6 TD, with its 70 hp and 133 Nm (98.1 lb-ft) of torque, offered modest performance. Acceleration from 0 to 60 mph took around 13.8 seconds, and the top speed was approximately 99.42 mph. Compared to the gasoline-powered Golfs, the 1.6 TD lacked outright acceleration, but it provided a more relaxed driving experience with ample low-end torque. The five-speed manual transmission allowed for efficient cruising on highways, while the gear ratios were optimized for fuel economy rather than sporty performance. The turbocharger helped to mitigate some of the inherent sluggishness of naturally aspirated diesel engines, providing a noticeable boost in power during acceleration. However, turbo lag was present, requiring drivers to anticipate their acceleration needs.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The Golf II 1.6 TD typically came with a fairly basic level of equipment, reflecting its position as an economy-focused model. Standard features included cloth upholstery, a basic instrument cluster, and manual windows and door locks. Optional extras included a sunroof, upgraded audio systems, and power windows. The interior design was functional and durable, prioritizing practicality over luxury. Trim levels varied slightly depending on the market, but generally, the 1.6 TD was offered with a limited range of options to keep the price competitive.
Chassis & Braking
The Golf II 1.6 TD utilized an independent McPherson strut suspension at the front, providing a comfortable ride and decent handling. The rear suspension employed a torsion beam setup, which was cost-effective and space-efficient. The front brakes were disc brakes, offering adequate stopping power, while the rear brakes were drum brakes, a common feature on economy models of the time. The steering was a rack and pinion system, providing precise and responsive steering feel. The 175/70 R13 tires offered a good balance of grip and fuel efficiency.
Market Reception & Comparison
The Golf II 1.6 TD was well-received in European markets as a practical and economical family car. Critics praised its fuel efficiency and durability, but noted its modest performance. Compared to the more powerful Golf models, such as the GTI or the 1.8 gasoline variants, the 1.6 TD offered significantly less performance. However, it provided superior fuel economy and lower running costs. Compared to other diesel-powered cars in its class, the Golf II 1.6 TD offered a good balance of performance, comfort, and practicality. Its reliability was generally considered good, making it a popular choice for long-distance commuters and families.
Legacy
The Volkswagen Golf II 1.6 TD powertrain proved to be remarkably durable and reliable. Many examples remain on the road today, testament to the quality of engineering and construction. In the used car market, these models are often sought after by enthusiasts and those looking for a classic, economical vehicle. While not a high-performance model, the 1.6 TD holds a significant place in the Golf’s history, representing a key step in the development of the Golf as a versatile and practical family car. The engine’s simplicity and robustness make it relatively easy to maintain, contributing to its enduring popularity among classic car owners.
